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8 frames that tell you whether 802.11r actually fired

Shankar K.·June 2026·roaming · 802.11r · pcap · fast transition·7 min read

"Every vendor dashboard shows 802.11r enabled. Most roams I see in PCAPs are not using it." ·

802.11r enabled on a controller means the AP advertises FT capability. Whether a specific roam used FT is only visible in the PCAP. Eight frames, in sequence.

Frame 1 — Beacon: does MDIE exist?

wlan.tag.number == 54

Mobility Domain IE. All APs in the FT domain must share the same 2-byte MDID. One AP with a different MDID silently breaks roaming for all clients that try to roam to it.

Frame 3 — Auth Request: Algorithm == 2?

wlan.fc.type_subtype == 0x0b && wlan.fixed.auth.alg == 2

Algorithm 2 = Fast BSS Transition. Algorithm 0 in the Auth Request to the target AP means full re-authentication fired — 802.11r did not fire. This is the most decisive single check.

Frame 4 — Auth Response: Status 0?

Status 53 (INVALID_PMKID) = PMK-R1 was never distributed to the target AP. Status 78 = FTIE MIC check failed. Both trace to configuration, not client capability.

Frame 6 — ReassocResp: GTK in FTIE?

Successful FT delivers the GTK in the FTIE of the Reassociation Response — no separate EAPOL exchange. GTK in FTIE = FT completed in 4 frames. If EAPOL follows Reassoc, FT key derivation failed.

Latency target

With 802.11r: Auth Req → Auth Resp → Reassoc Req → Reassoc Resp. Four frames. Under 50ms. Without: ten frames minimum, 200-500ms. Above 150ms from Reassoc Req to first data frame = voice call dropped.

// related reference
Roaming → Frame Sequences → Status Codes →
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